Detailed information about the 100 most recent patent applications.
| Application Number | Title | Filing Date | Disposal Date | Disposition | Time (months) | Office Actions | Restrictions | Interview | Appeal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19096084 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DYNAMICALLY OPTIMIZING AND MODIFYING ALLOCATION OF VIRTUAL GRAPHICAL PROCESSING UNITS | March 2025 | December 2025 | Allow | 9 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 19083809 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR ENHANCING A CONTEXT FOR USE IN PROCESSING, BY A PLURALITY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AGENTS, A REQUEST | March 2025 | July 2025 | Allow | 4 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 19083971 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR RANKING A PLURALITY OF WORKER AGENTS BASED ON A USER REQUEST | March 2025 | June 2025 | Allow | 3 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18938353 | MULTI-CAST SNOOP VECTORS WITHIN A MESH TOPOLOGY | November 2024 | February 2026 | Allow | 15 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18902735 | INTER-APPLICATION COMMUNICATION METHOD AND APPARATUS, STORAGE MEDIUM, AND PROGRAM PRODUCT | September 2024 | November 2025 | Allow | 14 | 0 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18882284 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR IDENTIFICATION AND SEMANTIC CLUSTERING OF WORKER AGENTS FOR PROCESSING REQUESTS | September 2024 | December 2024 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18789121 | MEMORY INTERFACE | July 2024 | December 2025 | Allow | 16 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18783056 | RETIMER PATH CONTROL METHOD, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEM | July 2024 | January 2026 | Allow | 17 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18769663 | MULTI-MODE USB-C CONNECTION CABLE | July 2024 | February 2026 | Abandon | 19 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18724375 | BUS-BASED TRANSACTION PROCESSING METHOD AND SYSTEM, STORAGE MEDIUM, AND DEVICE | June 2024 | December 2025 | Allow | 18 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18753679 | SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR UPDATING SETTING DATA OF MULTIPLE CHANNELS | June 2024 | October 2025 | Allow | 16 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18744582 | SCALABLE DATA STRUCTURE FOR AGGREGATING BMC INPUT AND OUTPUT OVER SERDES FOR DATA CENTER AND SERVER NODES SYSTEM AND METHOD | June 2024 | November 2025 | Allow | 17 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18713160 | METHOD FOR EXECUTION OF BUS CONTROLLER, COMPUTER DEVICE AND STORAGE MEDIUM | May 2024 | February 2026 | Allow | 20 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18664035 | NEURAL NETWORKS FOR EMBEDDED DEVICES | May 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 9 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18654035 | PIPELINE ARBITRATION | May 2024 | January 2026 | Allow | 20 | 3 | 0 | No | No |
| 18650612 | NEURAL NETWORK DATA COMPUTATION USING MIXED-PRECISION | April 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 9 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18643178 | MULTI-THREADING PROCESSOR AND OPERATING METHOD THEREOF | April 2024 | July 2024 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18628403 | Processor Operand Management Using Fusion Buffer | April 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 11 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18627907 | INSTRUCTIONS TO CONVERT FROM FP16 TO BF8 | April 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 12 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18626753 | MANYCORE SYSTEM FOR PERFORMING EXECUTION OF MULTI-THREADS IN ASYNCHRONOUS MANNER | April 2024 | September 2024 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18620228 | APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE TO ACCELERATE MATRIX OPERATIONS | March 2024 | December 2024 | Allow | 8 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18609622 | CONDITIONAL EXECUTION SPECIFICATION OF INSTRUCTIONS USING CONDITIONAL EXTENSION SLOTS IN THE SAME EXECUTE PACKET IN A VLIW PROCESSOR | March 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 13 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18587289 | Decoupling Atomicity from Operation Size | February 2024 | September 2025 | Allow | 19 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18435752 | PORTABLE MEMORY DEVICE HAVING MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE NON-VOLATILE ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE | February 2024 | February 2025 | Abandon | 13 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18425239 | RETURN ADDRESS RESTORATION | January 2024 | January 2026 | Allow | 24 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18425165 | WRITE STREAMING WITH CACHE WRITE ACKNOWLEDGMENT IN A PROCESSOR | January 2024 | September 2025 | Allow | 19 | 3 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18423049 | Systems and Methods for Monitoring an Instruction Bus | January 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 14 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18420699 | GRAY CODE COUNTER ENABLED TO INCREMENT BY GREATER THAN ONE | January 2024 | September 2025 | Allow | 20 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18419059 | APPARATUSES, METHODS, AND SYSTEMS TO PRECISELY MONITOR MEMORY STORE ACCESSES | January 2024 | December 2024 | Allow | 11 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18406807 | SCHEDULING TASKS USING WORK FULLNESS COUNTER | January 2024 | February 2026 | Allow | 25 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18534203 | Processor having Switch Instruction Circuit | December 2023 | October 2025 | Allow | 22 | 2 | 0 | No | No |
| 18520375 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR HANDLING MACRO COMPATIBILITY FOR DOCUMENTS AT A STORAGE SYSTEM | November 2023 | January 2025 | Allow | 14 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18518972 | FLOATING POINT ADDER | November 2023 | February 2025 | Allow | 14 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18515062 | APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE TO ACCELERATE MATRIX OPERATIONS | November 2023 | July 2025 | Allow | 20 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18513610 | METHOD FOR SUPPORTING ERASURE CODE DATA PROTECTION WITH EMBEDDED PCIE SWITCH INSIDE FPGA+SSD | November 2023 | August 2025 | Allow | 21 | 3 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18383833 | CONFIGURABLE LOGIC PLATFORM | October 2023 | September 2024 | Allow | 11 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18492968 | INTELLIGENT SCHEDULING APPARATUS AND METHOD | October 2023 | October 2024 | Allow | 12 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18491455 | PROCESSING UNIT EMPLOYING MICRO-OPERATIONS (MICRO-OPS) RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM) AS MAIN PROGRAM MEMORY | October 2023 | March 2025 | Allow | 17 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18490628 | PROVIDING ADDITIONAL OPERATIONS FOR A FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF A PROCESSOR CORE | October 2023 | January 2026 | Allow | 27 | 2 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18483064 | SYSTEM AND METHOD OF DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERSION USING DYNAMIC ELEMENT MATCHING | October 2023 | May 2025 | Allow | 19 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18374176 | DATA PROCESSING METHOD AND APPARATUS, AND RELATED PRODUCT FOR INCREASED EFFICIENCY OF TENSOR PROCESSING | September 2023 | July 2025 | Allow | 21 | 2 | 0 | No | No |
| 18473414 | TRACKING INSTRUCTION HANDLING USING OPCODE MATCHING IN PROCESSOR-BASED DEVICES | September 2023 | April 2025 | Allow | 19 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18369819 | DATA PROCESSING METHOD AND APPARATUS, AND RELATED PRODUCT FOR INCREASED EFFICIENCY OF TENSOR PROCESSING | September 2023 | August 2024 | Allow | 11 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18230316 | Discrete Three-Dimensional Processor | August 2023 | January 2026 | Allow | 30 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18356409 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR POLICY EXECUTION PROCESSING | July 2023 | July 2024 | Allow | 12 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18356103 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR ROUTING MULTIMEDIA SIGNALS | July 2023 | August 2025 | Allow | 25 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18218562 | PEER-TO-PEER ROUTE THROUGH IN A RECONFIGURABLE COMPUTING SYSTEM | July 2023 | December 2024 | Allow | 17 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18342490 | POWER TAKEOFF-DRIVEN REFRIGERATION | June 2023 | April 2025 | Allow | 21 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18339024 | BRANCH PREDICTION METHOD, BRANCH PREDICTION APPARATUS, PROCESSOR, MEDIUM, AND DEVICE | June 2023 | February 2025 | Allow | 19 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18337261 | COMPUTER-CONTROLLED POWER TAKEOFF DRIVEN MOTORIZED PUMP SYSTEM | June 2023 | October 2025 | Allow | 27 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18321013 | Network Device with Programmable Action Processing | May 2023 | December 2024 | Allow | 19 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18036597 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CLEARING REGISTER BY PLD, DEVICE, AND MEDIUM | May 2023 | November 2023 | Allow | 6 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18187888 | VEHICLE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, VEHICLE COMMUNICATION METHOD, AND CONTROL DEVICE | March 2023 | June 2025 | Allow | 27 | 3 | 0 | No | No |
| 18121294 | Programmable Multi-Level Data Access Address Generator | March 2023 | April 2024 | Allow | 13 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18117472 | Discrete Three-Dimensional Processor | March 2023 | November 2025 | Allow | 33 | 4 | 0 | No | No |
| 18042845 | IN-CORE PARALLELISATION IN A DATA PROCESSING APPARATUS AND METHOD | February 2023 | October 2024 | Allow | 20 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18114044 | NEURAL NETWORK DATA COMPUTATION USING MIXED-PRECISION | February 2023 | March 2024 | Allow | 13 | 2 | 0 | No | No |
| 18168639 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MANAGING SETTINGS BASED UPON INFORMATION HANDLING SYSTEM (IHS) POSTURE AND ORIENTATION USING HETEROGENEOUS COMPUTING PLATFORMS | February 2023 | September 2025 | Allow | 31 | 3 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18107139 | COMPRESSION OF ENTRIES IN A REORDER BUFFER | February 2023 | August 2024 | Allow | 18 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18160600 | APPARATUSES, METHODS, AND SYSTEMS TO PRECISELY MONITOR MEMORY STORE ACCESSES | January 2023 | October 2023 | Allow | 9 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18018227 | HARDWARE ACCELERATOR | January 2023 | September 2024 | Allow | 19 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18100194 | SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND APPARATUSES FOR TILE LOAD, MULTIPLICATION AND ACCUMULATION | January 2023 | August 2024 | Allow | 19 | 2 | 0 | No | No |
| 18098723 | Memory sharing electronic circuit system and external device capable of storing data in host device | January 2023 | March 2025 | Allow | 26 | 2 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18156628 | NEURAL NETWORKS FOR EMBEDDED DEVICES | January 2023 | December 2023 | Allow | 11 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18097615 | STREAMING EXECUTION FOR A QUANTUM PROCESSING SYSTEM | January 2023 | July 2023 | Allow | 6 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18096013 | DISCRETE THREE-DIMENSIONAL PROCESSOR | January 2023 | January 2024 | Allow | 12 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18152156 | INFORMATION PROCESSING APPARATUS AND CONTROL METHOD | January 2023 | September 2024 | Abandon | 20 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18093643 | BRANCH TARGET BUFFER MISS HANDLING | January 2023 | August 2024 | Allow | 19 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18150074 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR HANDLING MACRO COMPATIBILITY FOR DOCUMENTS AT A STORAGE SYSTEM | January 2023 | July 2023 | Allow | 6 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18092533 | SERIALIZING EXECUTION OF REPLICATION OPERATIONS | January 2023 | December 2023 | Abandon | 12 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18090818 | ADDITION MASK VALUE GENERATOR, ENCRYPTOR AND METHOD FOR GENERATING STREAM KEY | December 2022 | January 2025 | Allow | 24 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18089747 | CARRY-LOOKAHEAD ADDER, SECURE ADDER AND METHOD FOR PERFORMING CARRY-LOOKAHEAD ADDITION | December 2022 | June 2024 | Allow | 18 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18146048 | SYSTOLIC NEURAL CPU PROCESSOR | December 2022 | October 2024 | Allow | 22 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18145801 | ACCELERATING EIGHT-WAY PARALLEL KECCAK EXECUTION | December 2022 | September 2024 | Allow | 20 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18067016 | SEQUENCE PARTITION BASED SCHEDULE OPTIMIZATION | December 2022 | May 2024 | Allow | 17 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18079632 | CONTROL SYSTEM AND CONTROL METHOD FOR REMOTELY INSTALLED CONTROLLER DEVICES | December 2022 | November 2024 | Allow | 23 | 2 | 0 | No | No |
| 18076676 | STORAGE SYSTEM | December 2022 | September 2024 | Allow | 22 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18061951 | BRANCH TARGET BUFFER WITH SHARED TARGET BITS | December 2022 | May 2024 | Allow | 17 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 17994374 | Discrete Three-Dimensional Processor | November 2022 | June 2023 | Allow | 7 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 17989926 | Floating Point Adder | November 2022 | July 2023 | Allow | 7 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 17986731 | COMMUNICATION METHOD, RELATED COMPUTING SYSTEM AND STORAGE MEDIUM FOR SELECTING A COMMUNICATION CHANNEL BETWEEN MODULES | November 2022 | July 2024 | Allow | 20 | 2 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18054280 | Arbitration Sub-Queues for a Memory Circuit | November 2022 | April 2024 | Allow | 17 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 17984351 | RECONFIGURABLE PARALLEL PROCESSOR WITH STACKED COLUMNS FORMING A CIRCULAR DATA PATH | November 2022 | January 2024 | Allow | 14 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 17981340 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR RENAMING INSTRUCTIONS RELATED TO FIXED CONSTANTS | November 2022 | October 2023 | Abandon | 11 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 17981339 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING REMAINDER INSTRUCTION OF RISC-V INSTRUCTION SET | November 2022 | September 2023 | Abandon | 10 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 17975638 | Discrete Three-Dimensional Processor | October 2022 | March 2023 | Allow | 5 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 17971638 | Discrete Three-Dimensional Processor | October 2022 | March 2025 | Allow | 29 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 17964898 | Discrete Three-Dimensional Processor | October 2022 | February 2023 | Allow | 4 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 17964888 | Discrete Three-Dimensional Processor | October 2022 | March 2023 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 17961888 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GENERATING MULTIPLE PLATFORM-DEPENDENT INSTRUCTION SETS FROM SINGLE HARDWARE SPECIFICATION | October 2022 | November 2024 | Allow | 25 | 2 | 0 | No | No |
| 17958445 | CURRENT VARIATION SLOPE CONTROL METHOD FOR MULTI-CORE PROCESSOR, CONTROL DEVICE AND MEDIUM | October 2022 | January 2024 | Allow | 16 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 17958725 | PIPELINE ARBITRATION | October 2022 | January 2024 | Allow | 16 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 17952144 | CONFIGURABLE LOGIC PLATFORM | September 2022 | August 2023 | Allow | 11 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 17887245 | Chipset Attached Random Access Memory | August 2022 | April 2025 | Allow | 32 | 4 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 17819605 | EMBEDDED COMPUTATION INSTRUCTION PERFORMANCE PROFILING | August 2022 | May 2023 | Allow | 10 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 17884244 | MODULAR ACCELERATOR FUNCTION UNIT (AFU) DESIGN, DISCOVERY, AND REUSE | August 2022 | June 2024 | Allow | 22 | 4 | 0 | No | No |
| 17870926 | CONDITIONAL EXECUTION SPECIFICATION OF INSTRUCTIONS USING CONDITIONAL EXTENSION SLOTS IN THE SAME EXECUTE PACKET IN A VLIW PROCESSOR | July 2022 | December 2023 | Allow | 17 | 2 | 0 | No | No |
| 17870651 | TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING CPU PRIVILEGE BOUNDARY CROSSINGS | July 2022 | December 2023 | Allow | 16 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 17867134 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PREDICATION HANDLING | July 2022 | June 2025 | Allow | 35 | 2 | 0 | No | Yes |
| 17862708 | APPARATUSES, METHODS, AND SYSTEMS TO PRECISELY MONITOR MEMORY STORE ACCESSES | July 2022 | July 2023 | Abandon | 12 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
This analysis examines appeal outcomes and the strategic value of filing appeals for examiner SNYDER, STEVEN G.
With a 18.5% reversal rate, the PTAB affirms the examiner's rejections in the vast majority of cases. This reversal rate is below the USPTO average, indicating that appeals face more challenges here than typical.
Filing a Notice of Appeal can sometimes lead to allowance even before the appeal is fully briefed or decided by the PTAB. This occurs when the examiner or their supervisor reconsiders the rejection during the mandatory appeal conference (MPEP § 1207.01) after the appeal is filed.
In this dataset, 24.6% of applications that filed an appeal were subsequently allowed. This appeal filing benefit rate is below the USPTO average, suggesting that filing an appeal has limited effectiveness in prompting favorable reconsideration.
⚠ Appeals to PTAB face challenges. Ensure your case has strong merit before committing to full Board review.
⚠ Filing a Notice of Appeal shows limited benefit. Consider other strategies like interviews or amendments before appealing.
Examiner SNYDER, STEVEN G works in Art Unit 2184 and has examined 852 patent applications in our dataset. With an allowance rate of 79.8%, this examiner has a below-average tendency to allow applications. Applications typically reach final disposition in approximately 30 months.
Examiner SNYDER, STEVEN G's allowance rate of 79.8% places them in the 49% percentile among all USPTO examiners. This examiner has a below-average tendency to allow applications.
On average, applications examined by SNYDER, STEVEN G receive 1.97 office actions before reaching final disposition. This places the examiner in the 49% percentile for office actions issued. This examiner issues fewer office actions than average, which may indicate efficient prosecution or a more lenient examination style.
The median time to disposition (half-life) for applications examined by SNYDER, STEVEN G is 30 months. This places the examiner in the 59% percentile for prosecution speed. Prosecution timelines are slightly faster than average with this examiner.
Conducting an examiner interview provides a -6.6% benefit to allowance rate for applications examined by SNYDER, STEVEN G. This interview benefit is in the 4% percentile among all examiners. Note: Interviews show limited statistical benefit with this examiner compared to others, though they may still be valuable for clarifying issues.
When applicants file an RCE with this examiner, 31.0% of applications are subsequently allowed. This success rate is in the 63% percentile among all examiners. Strategic Insight: RCEs show above-average effectiveness with this examiner. Consider whether your amendments or new arguments are strong enough to warrant an RCE versus filing a continuation.
This examiner enters after-final amendments leading to allowance in 40.1% of cases where such amendments are filed. This entry rate is in the 62% percentile among all examiners. Strategic Recommendation: This examiner shows above-average receptiveness to after-final amendments. If your amendments clearly overcome the rejections and do not raise new issues, consider filing after-final amendments before resorting to an RCE.
When applicants request a pre-appeal conference (PAC) with this examiner, 53.3% result in withdrawal of the rejection or reopening of prosecution. This success rate is in the 47% percentile among all examiners. Note: Pre-appeal conferences show below-average success with this examiner. Consider whether your arguments are strong enough to warrant a PAC request.
This examiner withdraws rejections or reopens prosecution in 59.1% of appeals filed. This is in the 33% percentile among all examiners. Of these withdrawals, 48.7% occur early in the appeal process (after Notice of Appeal but before Appeal Brief). Strategic Insight: This examiner shows below-average willingness to reconsider rejections during appeals. Be prepared to fully prosecute appeals if filed.
When applicants file petitions regarding this examiner's actions, 41.0% are granted (fully or in part). This grant rate is in the 32% percentile among all examiners. Strategic Note: Petitions show below-average success regarding this examiner's actions. Ensure you have a strong procedural basis before filing.
Examiner's Amendments: This examiner makes examiner's amendments in 5.4% of allowed cases (in the 87% percentile). Per MPEP § 1302.04, examiner's amendments are used to place applications in condition for allowance when only minor changes are needed. This examiner frequently uses this tool compared to other examiners, indicating a cooperative approach to getting applications allowed. Strategic Insight: If you are close to allowance but minor claim amendments are needed, this examiner may be willing to make an examiner's amendment rather than requiring another round of prosecution.
Quayle Actions: This examiner issues Ex Parte Quayle actions in 2.6% of allowed cases (in the 72% percentile). This examiner issues Quayle actions more often than average when claims are allowable but formal matters remain (MPEP § 714.14).
Based on the statistical analysis of this examiner's prosecution patterns, here are tailored strategic recommendations:
Not Legal Advice: The information provided in this report is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. You should consult with a qualified patent attorney or agent for advice specific to your situation.
No Guarantees: We do not provide any guarantees as to the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the statistics presented above. Patent prosecution statistics are derived from publicly available USPTO data and are subject to data quality limitations, processing errors, and changes in USPTO practices over time.
Limitation of Liability: Under no circumstances will IronCrow AI be liable for any outcome, decision, or action resulting from your reliance on the statistics, analysis, or recommendations presented in this report. Past prosecution patterns do not guarantee future results.
Use at Your Own Risk: While we strive to provide accurate and useful prosecution statistics, you should independently verify any information that is material to your prosecution strategy and use your professional judgment in all patent prosecution matters.