Detailed information about the 100 most recent patent applications.
| Application Number | Title | Filing Date | Disposal Date | Disposition | Time (months) | Office Actions | Restrictions | Interview | Appeal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19072608 | WOOD PRESERVATIVE COMPOSITION COMPRISING 4,5-DICHLORO-2-OCTYLISOTHIAZOL-3(2H)-ONE, A METHOD TREATING A WOOD SUBSTRATE THEREWITH, AND A WOOD PRODUCT PRODUCED THEREFROM | March 2025 | June 2025 | Allow | 3 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 19051086 | BIOMASS DERIVED NANOCOMPOSITE FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION | February 2025 | April 2025 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 19045718 | METHOD OF PRODUCING ANNEALING SEPARATOR, ANNEALING SEPARATOR, AND GRAIN-ORIENTED MAGNETIC STEEL | February 2025 | April 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 19100183 | PLANT AND METHOD TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF CO2 CAPTURE AND STORAGE USING PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATE | January 2025 | June 2025 | Allow | 4 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 19038859 | CARBON MATERIAL AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREFOR | January 2025 | June 2025 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18835465 | SEMICONDUCTOR NANOPARTICLES COMPOSED OF AgAuS-BASED MULTICOMPONENT COMPOUND | January 2025 | July 2025 | Allow | 11 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 19033003 | TARGET APPARATUS AND METHOD | January 2025 | May 2025 | Allow | 4 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 19019920 | METHOD FOR IMPROVING DEFORMABILITY OF CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITE BY USING POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE POWDER | January 2025 | April 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 19020375 | SOLDER PASTE AND SOLDER JOINT | January 2025 | March 2025 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 19017102 | SYNTHESIS OF NANOSIZED CUBIC LITHIUM LANTHANUM ZIRCONATE FAST ION CONDUCTOR | January 2025 | March 2025 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 19011505 | STEEL SHEET AND HIGH STRENGTH PRESS HARDENED STEEL PART HAVING EXCELLENT BENDING AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME | January 2025 | March 2025 | Allow | 3 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 19011522 | STEEL SHEET AND HIGH STRENGTH PRESS HARDENED STEEL PART HAVING EXCELLENT BENDING AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME | January 2025 | March 2025 | Allow | 2 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 19008931 | METHOD FOR MOLECULAR SIEVE SHAPING BY USING RICE HUSK AS TEMPLATE | January 2025 | April 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18880717 | FLUX, SOLDER PASTE, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING BONDED BODY | January 2025 | March 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 19006345 | METAL POWDER ATOMIZATION MANUFACTURING PROCESSES | December 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 6 | 2 | 0 | No | No |
| 18880340 | ALUMINUM ALLOY SHEET FOR CAN LID | December 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 19004191 | RESIN SUBSTRATE-BASED IRON OXYHYDROXIDE DESULFURIZING AGENT AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR | December 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 19001993 | POLISHING PASTE FOR SUPERFINISHING OF BEARING STEEL, AND PREPARATION METHOD AND USE THEREOF | December 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18990830 | COMPOSITIONS FOR INCREASING NITROGEN SOURCES LIFE SPAN IN PLANT GROWTH MEDIUMS AND METHODS OF MAKING | December 2024 | May 2025 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18986968 | MOLECULES HAVING PESTICIDAL UTILITY, AND INTERMEDIATES, COMPOSITIONS, AND PROCESSES, RELATED THERETO | December 2024 | May 2025 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18988468 | STEEL SHEET AND HIGH STRENGTH PRESS HARDENED STEEL PART HAVING EXCELLENT BENDING ANISOTROPY AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME | December 2024 | May 2025 | Allow | 4 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18988516 | STEEL SHEET AND HIGH STRENGTH PRESS HARDENED STEEL PART HAVING EXCELLENT BENDING ANISOTROPY AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME | December 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 6 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18985178 | SYNTHESIS OF NANOCOMPOSITE FOR GREEN ENERGY PRODUCTION | December 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18986605 | HIGH SURFACE-AREA CONTACTOR MEDIA FOR IMPROVED GAS-LIQUID CONTACTORS | December 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 4 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18976912 | ZINC-VANADIUM CATALYST FOR HYDROGEN GENERATION | December 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18975691 | OXIDATIVE REFORMING AND ELECTROLYSIS SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR HYDROGEN GENERATION | December 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 7 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18873226 | MOLD MANUFACTURING METHOD | December 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 6 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18971324 | CARBON-SUPPORTED COPPER MANGANITE NANOPARTICLES FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION | December 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18872628 | DRIVEN KERR NONLINEAR OSCILLATOR AND RELATED SYSTEMS AND METHODS | December 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 4 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18872278 | CARBON NANOTUBES, CARBON NANOTUBE DISPERSION, CARBON NANOTUBE RESIN COMPOSITION, MIXTURE SLURRY, ELECTRODE FILM, SECONDARY BATTERY, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CARBON NANOTUBES, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A CARBON NANOTUBE DISPERSION | December 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 4 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18970040 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS FROM BIO-OIL | December 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 4 | 0 | 1 | Yes | No |
| 18970659 | MESOPOROUS NANOCOMPOSITE | December 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 3 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18968443 | METHOD FOR MAKING BISMUTH OXYHALIDE QUANTUM DOTS | December 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 3 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18969225 | ROBOT WELDING ASSEMBLY MECHANISM AND APPLICATION IN ANNULAR WELDING SEAM DETECTION AND POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT | December 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 4 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18968864 | NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR ENERGY STORAGE DEVICES | December 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 4 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18967141 | METHOD FOR GENERATING HYDROGEN USING Bi2O3@SiO2 NANOCOMPOSITE CATALYST | December 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18966734 | PREPARATION METHOD OF COMPOSITE SLOW-RELEASE NANO-NITROGEN FERTILIZER | December 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18870458 | SYSTEM FOR OPTIMIZING DURATION TIME OF HIGH-PRESSURE LEACHING OF LATERITE NICKEL ORE | November 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 6 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18870477 | TREATMENT METHOD AND APPLICATION FOR LATERITE NICKEL ORE LEACHING SOLUTION WITH HIGH CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM CONTENT | November 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18870460 | TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR THE SLAG PHASE AFTER REMOVING IRON-ALUMINUM-CHROMIUM FROM LEACHING SOLUTION OF LATERITE NICKEL ORE | November 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 6 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18870451 | COMBINED HEAT EXCHANGE SYSTEM OF FLASH TANK AND PREHEATER FOR LATERITE NICKEL ORE LEACHING | November 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 7 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18870449 | METHOD FOR DYNAMICALLY CONTROLLING HIGH-PRESSURE LEACHING REACTION CONDITION OF LATERITE NICKEL ORE | November 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 5 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18870422 | PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR RECOVERING MANGANESE FROM HIGH-PRESSURE LEACHING SYSTEM OF LATERITE NICKEL ORE | November 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 6 | 0 | 1 | No | No |
| 18869930 | METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY PREPARING MIXED HYDROXIDE PRECIPITATE FROM LATERITE NICKEL ORE BY HYDROMETALLURGY | November 2024 | July 2025 | Allow | 7 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18869645 | DISORDERED ROCKSALT CATHODE MATERIAL AND METHOD OF MAKING IT | November 2024 | May 2025 | Allow | 6 | 0 | 1 | No | No |
| 18959575 | METHODS FOR PREPARING SUPPORTED CATALYSTS USING WASTE LITHIUM BATTERIES AND ATTAPULGITE | November 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 4 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18957760 | High-Efficiency Method for Converting Limestone to Slaked Lime | November 2024 | January 2025 | Allow | 1 | 0 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18956674 | TAILORING NEW COVALENT ORGANIC FRAMEWORK FOR HIGHLY EFFICIENT IODINE CAPTURE | November 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18955358 | NANO-SUPPORTED SOLID-PHASE TITANIUM-BASED MULTI-METAL CATALYST, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR AND USE THEREOF | November 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 5 | 0 | 1 | No | No |
| 18955851 | HEAT SHIELD AND JOSEPHSON JUNCTION ARRAY CHIP SYSTEM | November 2024 | May 2025 | Allow | 6 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18954299 | COPPER OXIDE-MAGNESIUM ALUMINATE (CuO.MgAl2O4) SPINEL NANOCOMPOSITE AND METHOD OF SYNTHESIS THEREOF | November 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 3 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18952072 | METHODS FOR PREPARING TWO-DIMENSIONAL SHEET-LIKE Li4SiO4 ADSORBENTS USING ATTAPULGITE AND WASTE LITHIUM BATTERIES | November 2024 | May 2025 | Allow | 6 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18948855 | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A TIBIAL IMPLANT | November 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 3 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18948585 | POLYMETALLIC-ORE BENEFICIATION AND SEPARATION REAGENT, PREPARATION METHOD AND USE THEREOF | November 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18947519 | Date Palm Syrup- Graphitic Carbon Nitride Composite And Methods Of Making And Using Same | November 2024 | January 2025 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 1 | No | No |
| 18945601 | FRICTION STIR WELDING APPARATUS AND METHOD | November 2024 | May 2025 | Allow | 6 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18945435 | CARBON FIXATION MATERIAL FOR ADSORBING HEAVY METALS IN SOIL AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF | November 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 5 | 0 | 1 | No | No |
| 18944203 | Copper Ferrite Synthesis by a Borate Method | November 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 4 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18944238 | DIRECT CAPTURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE | November 2024 | December 2024 | Allow | 2 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18864672 | TITANIUM OXIDE POWDER AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME | November 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 7 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18864785 | Systems and Methods for Ammonia Purification | November 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18940189 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN FROM WOODY WASTE THROUGH STAGED PYROLYSIS AND CATALYTIC GASIFICATION | November 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18863951 | NOVEL METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CONGLOMERATED GRAPHITE, THE CONGLOMERATED GRAPHITE MANUFACTURED USING THE METHOD, AND SECONDARY BATTERY INCLUDING THE CONGLOMERATED GRAPHITE AS AN ANODE ACTIVE MATERIAL | November 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 7 | 1 | 1 | Yes | No |
| 18936390 | METHOD OF FORMING ZINC OXIDE/BORATE NANOCOMPOSITE | November 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 1 | No | No |
| 18935699 | MICROBIAL PROTECTANT IN HIGH-NUTRIENT AND HIGH-ACTIVITY CHEMICAL FERTILIZER-BIOLOGICAL COMPOUND FERTILIZER AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF | November 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18935700 | HIGH-NUTRIENT AND HIGH-ACTIVITY CHEMICAL FERTILIZER-BIOLOGICAL COMPOUND FERTILIZER, AND PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF | November 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18932615 | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SHEET MATERIAL MADE OF COPPER-SILVER ALLOY AND METHOD OF MANUFATURING SHEET FOR ELECTRODE OF PROBE CARD | October 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18931388 | SYNTHESIS OF COBALT OXIDE NANOPARTICLES USING L-VALINE AS A FUEL | October 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18931219 | SYNTHESIS OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES USING L-TRYPTOPHAN AS A FUEL | October 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18931608 | TUNGSTEN HEXAFLUORIDE PREPARATION METHOD AND APPARATUS BASED ON PHOTOELECTRIC SYNERGY | October 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 4 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18861315 | GLASS COMPOSITION FOR GLASS FIBERS, GLASS FIBERS, GLASS FIBER TEXTILE, AND GLASS FIBER-REINFORCED RESIN COMPOSITION | October 2024 | May 2025 | Allow | 7 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18930515 | SEPARATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS | October 2024 | December 2024 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18927397 | TARGET APPARATUS AND METHOD | October 2024 | January 2025 | Allow | 3 | 0 | 1 | No | No |
| 18925910 | METHOD OF PRODUCING A MESOPOROUS CHITOSAN/NaFeSi2O6 BASED NANOCOMPOSITE | October 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 5 | 0 | 1 | No | No |
| 18920894 | CORROSION-RESISTANT OXIDE DISPERSION STRENGTHENED STEEL | October 2024 | January 2025 | Allow | 3 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18919815 | CONCRETE COMPOSITION INCLUDING NANOSILICA DERIVED FROM GLASS WASTE | October 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 5 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18916708 | CONTINUOUS STIRRING TRANSMISSION MECHANISM FOR TEMPERING FURNACE WORKPIECE TRANSMISSION AND TRANSMISSION METHOD | October 2024 | July 2025 | Allow | 8 | 2 | 0 | No | No |
| 18916452 | CARBON DIOXIDE GAS CAPTURE SYSTEM | October 2024 | February 2025 | Allow | 4 | 0 | 1 | No | No |
| 18914931 | APPARATUSES AND METHODS FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION | October 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18911769 | COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE, 1,1,2,3-TETRA-CHLOROPROPENE, 2-CHLORO-3,3,3-TRIFLUOROPROPENE, OR 2-CHLORO-1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUOROPROPANE | October 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 9 | 2 | 1 | No | No |
| 18910258 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN WITH INTEGRATED CAPTURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE | October 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 5 | 1 | 1 | No | No |
| 18910554 | APPARATUSES AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING NANOPARTICLES FROM MATERIAL IN WORKING LIQUID | October 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 6 | 0 | 1 | No | No |
| 18910711 | ACID TREATMENT METHOD FOR MAKING ORGANOSELENIUM COMPOSITE | October 2024 | December 2024 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18909130 | WAX-ORGANIC EXTENDER EMULSION AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURE THEREOF | October 2024 | December 2024 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18854975 | MULTI-METAL MATERIAL BUILD DEVICE USING LASER 3D PRINTING, AND WORKING METHOD THEREOF | October 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 8 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18909598 | Battery Module, and Battery Pack and Vehicle Including Battery Module | October 2024 | April 2025 | Allow | 6 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18907700 | Borate Method for Magnetite Synthesis | October 2024 | January 2025 | Allow | 3 | 2 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18906175 | Novel Humic Material and Method to Formulate the Same | October 2024 | May 2025 | Abandon | 8 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18907328 | SOIL COMPOSITION INCLUDING BIOCHAR, COMPOST, AND BARK FINES | October 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 6 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18904671 | ALUMINUM NITRIDE-REINFORCED ALUMINUM MATRIX COMPOSITE (AMC) AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF | October 2024 | November 2024 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18901011 | ORIENTED ELECTRICAL STEEL WITH HIGH MAGNETIC INDUCTION AND ANNEALING METHOD THEREOF | September 2024 | January 2025 | Allow | 4 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18898820 | METHOD FOR EXTRACTING GERMANIUM BASED ON ACID DECOMPOSITION | September 2024 | November 2024 | Allow | 2 | 0 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18851223 | NANODIAMOND WITH VACANCY DEFECT AND QUANTUM DOT LUMINESCENCE | September 2024 | May 2025 | Allow | 8 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18850146 | ADSORPTION FILTER | September 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 9 | 1 | 0 | Yes | No |
| 18894204 | HIGH-PERFORMANCE SODIUM ION ELECTROLYTES AND EFFICIENT METHODS FOR MAKING THE SAME | September 2024 | March 2025 | Allow | 6 | 2 | 0 | No | No |
| 18892997 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SHAPE-PERFORMANCE CONTROL BY ULTRASONIC ROLLING COMBINED WITH SELECTIVE LASER MELTING | September 2024 | June 2025 | Allow | 8 | 1 | 1 | No | No |
| 18893145 | SEPARATION PROCESS OF VALUABLE METALS FROM COPPER ANODE SLIME BASED ON OXIDATION POTENTIAL MODULATION | September 2024 | January 2025 | Allow | 4 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18891261 | METHOD FOR PREPARING AMORPHOUS HIERARCHICALLY POROUS UiO-66 | September 2024 | May 2025 | Allow | 8 | 0 | 0 | No | No |
| 18890344 | REACTION METHODS FOR PRODUCING NITROGENOUS PHOSPHORYL COMPOUNDS THAT ARE IN SITU FLUID COMPOSITIONS | September 2024 | November 2024 | Allow | 2 | 1 | 0 | No | No |
| 18888637 | CERAMIC SUSCEPTOR AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF | September 2024 | May 2025 | Allow | 8 | 1 | 1 | No | No |
This analysis examines appeal outcomes and the strategic value of filing appeals for group 1730.
With a 31.1% reversal rate, the PTAB reverses the examiner's rejections in a meaningful percentage of cases. This reversal rate is below the USPTO average, indicating that appeals face more challenges here than typical.
Filing a Notice of Appeal can sometimes lead to allowance even before the appeal is fully briefed or decided by the PTAB. This occurs when the examiner or their supervisor reconsiders the rejection during the mandatory appeal conference (MPEP § 1207.01) after the appeal is filed.
In this dataset, 30.2% of applications that filed an appeal were subsequently allowed. This appeal filing benefit rate is below the USPTO average, suggesting that filing an appeal has limited effectiveness in prompting favorable reconsideration.
⚠ Appeals to PTAB face challenges. Ensure your case has strong merit before committing to full Board review.
⚠ Filing a Notice of Appeal shows limited benefit. Consider other strategies like interviews or amendments before appealing.
Group 1730 is part of Technology Center 1700. This group has examined 96,586 patent applications in our dataset, with an overall allowance rate of 71.8%. Applications typically reach final disposition in approximately 30 months.
Applications in Group 1730 receive an average of 1.83 office actions before reaching final disposition. The median prosecution time is 30 months.
This group-level data aggregates statistics across multiple art units. For more targeted prosecution strategies, review the individual art unit and examiner statistics within this group.
Not Legal Advice: The information provided in this report is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. You should consult with a qualified patent attorney or agent for advice specific to your situation.
No Guarantees: We do not provide any guarantees as to the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the statistics presented above. Patent prosecution statistics are derived from publicly available USPTO data and are subject to data quality limitations, processing errors, and changes in USPTO practices over time.
Limitation of Liability: Under no circumstances will IronCrow AI be liable for any outcome, decision, or action resulting from your reliance on the statistics, analysis, or recommendations presented in this report. Past prosecution patterns do not guarantee future results.
Use at Your Own Risk: While we strive to provide accurate and useful prosecution statistics, you should independently verify any information that is material to your prosecution strategy and use your professional judgment in all patent prosecution matters.